dickey



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

W. D. DIOKEY. Hydrocarbon Furnaces.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. D. DICKEY.

Hydrocarbon Furnaces. No. 234.395. Patented Nov. i6, 1880.

#LFETERS FHOTO-LITHOGRAFHER. WASHINGTONY D C.

' rares Parent raton@ WILLIAM D. DIOKEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

HYDROCARBON-FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 234,395, dated November 16, 1880.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM l). DIGKEY, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new land useful Improvementsin Hydrocarbon-Furnaces, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of the same, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section of a steamboiler with my improved attachments (partly in section) for generating steam connected therewith, and Fig. 2 is a central sectional view (or partly in section) of one of the said attachments detached from its connection with the boiler.

My invention relates to the construction and arrangement of a steam-boiler and connections, whereby pulverized or fluid fuel may be advantageously burned for the generating` of steam and other purposes.

A represents a steanrboiler, A being its tubular tlues, A2 its fire-place, A3 the steamdome, and A4 an inclined bridge or abutment in the fire-place, whereby the llame is deflected upward, and a combustion-chamber, A5, is formed behind the bridge in front of the flues.

B is a steam-superheater, consisting, preferably, of metal pipe, coiled or otherwise bent upon itself, (so as to get a considerable length of it within the fire-place,.) arranged within and preferably at the top of the hre-place A2, where it may be heated by the lire in the fire-place.

Bl is a pipe leading from the steam-space of the boiler, preferablythe dome A3, to the superheater, and provided with a steam-cock, c.

B2 is a steainpipe leading away from the superheater B to the steam-discharge nozzle C, to be more particularly described presently.

D is a water-tank, and D' a pipe leading from said tank into pipe B, and provided with a water-cock, a.

E is a conical hood or air-conductor attached to the front of the boiler, so as to inelose the doorway in front opening into the fire-place. The other end is preferably provided with a revolving damper or register, whereby it may be closed or opened for the admission of air. Openings b b are also made in the body of the hood near the boiler, provided with a door or damper.

E is a conical air-conductor, projecting around the doorway' or front opening of the fire-place inward toward the tire-place, that serves to deliect the air that enters the openings b b into the llame, while it also acts to cause the steam that is discharged from C, as it rushes into the fire-place, carrying with it the fuel, to draw air in through the said openings b b.

C is a steam and air discharge nozzle, arranged within the hood E, as shown in Fig. 1.

O is a steam-nozzle arranged concentrically within the nozzle O, and OZ is the steam-entrance passage to nozzle O, fitted for connection with steam-pipe B2.

C3 is a similar passage for connection with said pipe B2 when it is desired to make such connection on the top ot' said nozzle O, or it may be fitted with a cap to be removed and permit the steam entering through C2 to be discharged for the purpose of blowing' out any sediment or other obstruction that may get into C.

O4 is an air-entrance passage, and O5 an airpipe leading into the same.

F is an air-blower, and OG an air-conductor leading therefrom, with which said pipe O5 connects. The conductor OG opens intothe open air, as at c, and is provided with two aircocks, c2 and a3, 011e on each side of the pipe C5.

G is afuel-discharging nozzle, and G a pipe leading to and connecting therewith. When fluid fuel is to be burned this pipe G is connected with and leads from a can or tank, H, containing the fuel, which may bepetroleum or any of the liquid hydrocarbons, and is provided with a cock, (04./ When pulverized fuel is to be used the nozzle G is to be connected with a blower by a suitable conductor and provision ina-de for introducing said fuel into the blower or conductor, so that it maybe impelled into and through the said nozzle G. These nozzles O and G are arranged relatively to each other with their axes atan angle, as shown in the drawings, so that steam and air discharged from C will pass across the end of G, whereby the fuel, whether duid or pulverized, as it issues from G, will be atomized if fluid, or scattered if pulverized, and impelled into the fire-place or combustion-chamber.

IOO

The nozzle C projects across air-entrance passage C4, whereby steam issuing from Cinto and through C' will act to draw airin through the passage G4. The nozzles C and G are each preferably provided with a spindle-valve, hh', for regulating the discharge from the nozzles, that are adjustable by means of screwthreads in the bodies of the spindles, that work in female screws in or connected with the rear ends of the nozzles, as shown plainly in Fig. 2.

The nozzles C' and G are preferably made of a single piece of metal, being connected by a web, G2. This insures their continued proper relative position and adjustment. The nozzle C is made of a separate piece, screwed into C', as shown in Fig. 2. It is absolutely essential for producing the desired result that G and C' shall open into the atmosphere, so as to discharge the steam, air, and fuel directly into the combustionchamber, without the interposition of any inclosing conductor between them and said chamber. I hare found by experiment that any such conductor prevents complete combustion and lessens the auxiliary aid to combustion derived from decomposition of the steam.

Of course the particular form or construction of the steam-generator is not important so long as it is adapted to have combined with it the attachments described, and to the generation of steam therein by the tire made by the combustion of the fuel discharged from the nozzle G and impelled into the combustion-chamber bythe steam and air issuing from the nozzle C'.

The operation ofthe described apparatus is as follows: For the purpose of starting the fire, cock a beimg` closed, the cock a4 is opened, allowing the fuel to iow down from the tank H into the nozzle G. At the same time the blower F is set in motion with cock a2 shut and cock a3 open. The current of air that will be thereby discharged from or through the nozzle C' will atomize or scatter, as the ease may be, the fuel issuing` from G and impel it into the iireplace AZ-the combustion-ehamber. rlhis operation is to be continued until a head of steam is raised in the steam-boiler. When this result is attained the blower may be stopped and the cock a2 opened. The cock a being then also opened, the steam from the boiler will pass through the pipe B' into and through the superheater B, and thence through B2 to the nozzle C and out of nozzle C', drawing after it air through C, whereby the fuel issuing from G is driven forward into the fireplace and atomized or scattered into the conlbustion-chamber. The combustion takin gplace in the presence of superheated steam intimately commingled with the comminuted fuel, said steam will be, to a greater or less extent, decomposed, and the resulting hydrogen will act as an auxiliary fuel.

A supply of air to support the combustion is insured by the action of the steam issuing from nozzle C, drawing the air in through C4 and impelling it, with the steam, through C'.

The superheater B will be heated upon starting the tire by the action of the blower some time before a head of steam can be raised in the boiler. As soon as it becomes sufficiently heated to superheat the steam the cock a' may be opened and water from the tank D allowed to flow down through pipe D' into B', and so into the superheater B, where it will be quickly converted into superheatcd steam, which will be discharged from the nozzle C. When this result is reached the blower may be stopped, the cock a3 closed, and cock a2 opened, as the operation will then be continued and the discharge into the combustion-chamber secured until a head of steam is raised in the boiler.

The bridge-wall A4 serves the purpose of detiecting the iame and heat upon the superheater and the surface ot' the boiler over the tire-place, thereby insuring the desired superheating of the steam; also, becoming itself intensely heated, it will instantly ignite the intlowing current of fuel, if for any rea-son the y tlame should become extinguished while the apparatus is in operation. 1t is important that the bridge should be inclined backward, as represented, in order to give the tlame and heat the proper direction, and not too much obstruct their movement toward the tire-fines.

When, in starting the tire, air is forced by the blower into the nozzle C', it will, unless prevented, back up into the nozzle (l, and the force ofthe current of the air from the nozzle U' be thereby destroyed or materially diminished.

By running in the spindle-valve h' the nozzle C may be closed while the blower F is in operation, to be opened by running back said spindle when steam is raised and let on to said nozzle C.

Then the apparatus described is in full operation with highly-superheated steam aeting to atomize or scatter and impel the fuel into thecombustion-chamber, and at the same time a rapid current of atmospheric airis drawn in by the steam to support combustion, rapid combustion is e'ected and a very intense heat produced.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- Y l. The combination, with the tire-space of a steam-boiler, of a steam-superheater located in said fire-space, a steam-pipe, B', leading from the steam-space in the boiler to said superheater,provided with a. cock, a, the nozzle G, a steam-pipe, B", leading from said superheater to said nozzle, the nozzle G, arranged relatively to the nozzle G, as shown and described, the fuel-holdin g tank H and conductor G', leading from the same to the nozzle G, provided With a cock, a4, the nozzle C' and airinlet passage C, arranged relatively to the nozzle C, as shown and described, the said IOO IIO

l nozzles C and G being arranged relatively to the lire-space to discharge steam, air, and fuel directly into said fire-space Without any intervening conductor, as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination, with a re-place, of the nozzles C, G, and G, the hood E, within which the said nozzles are located and by which they are supported, so that liquid fuel issuing from Gwill be atomized and projected by steam issuing from C directly into said lire-place without passing through anyinterveningconductor, all as and for the purpose described.

3. rlhe combination, with a fire-place, of the nozzle C and nozzle C', the former located con centrically within the latter, as described, an air-inlet passage to C, a steam-conductor leading into C, the nozzle G, arranged relatively to the nozzle C', as described, and a fuel-supply conductor leading into G, whereby liquid f'uel issuing from G may be atomized and projected into the lire-place by steam issuing from C, and at the same time air drawn into the nozzle O by the action of the steam will be mingled with the inliowing current of steam and fuel before they reach the combustionchamber in the lire-place, all as and for thepurpose described.

4. The combination, with the nre-place A2 of a steam-boiler, of a steam-superheater B, located in the upper part of said fireplace, the steam-nozzle C and fuel-nozzle G, arranged as described, whereby fluid fuel issuing from G may be projected into the lire-place by steam issuing from C, and the backwardly-inclined bridge-wall A4, whereby the llame made by the combustion of said fuel will be deflected onto said superheater, or toward the upper part of said lire-place, as and for the purpose described.

5. The combination of the boiler A, repla-ce A2, steam-superheater B, steam-pipe B', provided with stop-cock a, water-tank D, and

pipe D', leading into pipe B and provided with stop-cock d', all as and for the purpose described. l

6. The combination of a fireplace, a steamsuperheater located in said lire-place, a water or steam supply and pipe leading therefrom to sai d heater, the nozzle G, and a pipe leading to a liquid-fuel supply, the nozzle C', arranged relatively to the nozzle G, as described, the air-blower F, and air-conductor C6, leading from said blower to the nozzle C', and provided with a stop-cock, a2, all as and for the purpose described.

7. The nozzle C', blower F, conductor C, leading from the said blower and provided with stop-cock a3, the pipe C5, leading from O6 to said nozzle C', the open end c of said conductor, and stop-cock d2 between the pipe U5 and said open end, allcombined to operate as and for Y the purpose described.

8. The nozzle C', nozzle O, located concentrically within C', the blower F, and conductor leading' from said blower to the nozzle C', the nozzle G being provided with the spindlevalve, whereby the said nozzle may be closed when the said blower is in operation to prevent the air from backing into said nozzle C, and may be opened when the blower is stopped and steam let into said nozzle C, all as and for the purpose described.

9. The combination, with the lire-place A2, of the hood E, provided with the conical conductor E, projecting toward the lire-place, airopenings b b', and the nozzles C and G, arranged within and supported by said hood, and the pipe-connections of said nozzles described, all as and for the purpose specified.

Witness my hand this 31st day of August, 1880.

VILLIAM D. DICKEY.

In presence of- ALLEN VERMILYA, HENRY EIGHLING. 

